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Leather What is Leather
What is Leather
Usually, the leather used in clothing will be made of cow skin as it is the toughest skin and the most likely to hold up to stitching. On some rarer pieces (like underwear), lamb skin will be used as it's softer and more malleable, but will be avoided unless necessary as it is weaker and will be worn down more easily.

In any case, it is a bi-product of the meat industry and fortunately it is strictly regulated to ensure that the manufacturers respect the environment in it's making.

Before you actually get leather, you need to treat the skin. That process is called tanning.

There are two tanning methods: vegetable and chrome. The first will be used for situations where the leather will be heavily used, like shoe soles. It consists of adding the tannin comprised in plants to the leather because it is an acidic chemical very hard to break down and that doesn't rot easily. It's the same thing that you'll find in wine (the tannin in this case comes from the skin of grape), which is why wines that are more tannic age longer and better.

The chroming method is used to produce more delicate leather. Before chroming it, the skins have to soak for several hours in a mixture of salt and acid to achieve a low PH since it's the only way for the chrome-tanning agents to do their jobs, as otherwise they are not soluble. Then the skins are placed in a tanning drum and exposed to salt, soda and acid and it's the chemical reaction that will tan the skin over the course of 7-8 hours.

Now that the leather is done, it'll get died then treated with different oils and greases to confer it different textures and smoothness. After, several techniques are used to give the leather different finishes and pliability. The last step consists of making it into a garment.
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